Internal-combustion engine



INTERNALCOMBUSTION ENGINE. 7 APPLICATION FILEDMAVR. 29. 1920.

Patented se t.-27; 1921.

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ATTORNEYS L. B. JOY NER v INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Patentd Sept. 27, 1921.

w 4 L MD m L rr- ATTORNEYS LARSON .B. JOYNER, OF WASHINGTON, LOUISIANA.INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 27, 1921.

Application filed Earch 29, 1920. Serial No.369,762.

Toall whom it may concern Be it known that I, LANSON B. JOYNER, acitizen of the United States, and'a resident of 'Washington, in theparish of St. Landry and State of Louisiana, have invented a new anduseful Improvement in Internal-Combustion Engines, of which thefollowing is a full, clear, and exact description.

y invention relates to improvements in internal combustion engines, andit consists in the combinations, constructions and arrangements hereindescribed and claimed.

An object of my invention is to provide an improvement over the devicecovered by Patent No. 1,275,264, issued to me August 13, 1918, saidimprovements consisting in the.

provision of more eflicient and satisfactory means for cooling thepistons and parts associated therewith and for reciprocating the pistonswithin the cylinders.

A further object of my invention is to provide in adevice of the typedescribed a novel form of valve operating mechanism.

Other objects and advantages will appear in the following specification,and the novel features of the invention'will be particularly pointed outin the a pended claims.

y invention is i plication, in wh1ch Y r Figure 1 isa side elevationillustrating m invention, ig. 2 is a plan view of the device partlybroken away and in section,

Fig. 3 is a section along the line 33 of Fig. 2, I

ig. 4 is an end new of a portion of the device,

Fig. 5 is a side view of a fragmentary portion of the device,

Fig. 6 is an enlarged sectional viewof a portion of the device,

Fig. 7 is a section along the line 7-7 of fn carrying out my invention,I provide a base 1 carrying a supporting frame 2 upon which are mountedposed co-axiall alined similar c lin ers 3 and 4. A cran shaft 5 isjourna ed at 6 in one end of the frame 2. A'fly wheel 7 is rigidlysecured to each end of the crank sha 5.

A piston 9 is mounted upon apiston rod 8 to reciprocate within each ofthe cylinders 3 and 4. The piston rod .8 extends through lustrated inthe accompanying drawings, forming part of this aptwo horizontall dis-'both cylinders and is secured within an elbow member 74 which is formedintegrally with a cross head 10. The latter is connected by a pltman 11to a crank 12 upon the crank shaft 5. v

A gear 13 keyed to an end of the crank shaft 5 meshes with a gear 14which is rigidly secured to a stub shaft 15. The latter is journaled inbrackets 16 which are secured to a side of the frame 2. The gear 14 isin mesh with a gear 17 which is carried upon a cam shaft 18. The latteris journaled in a bracket box 19, to the side of the frame 2 adjacentone end, and in auxiliary bracket boxes 20 which are secured to'theframe 2 adjacent the ends of the cylinders 3 and 4. A laterallyextending housing 21 is formed integrally with each of the cylinders 3and 4 at each end thereof or may be secured thereto in anyapprovedmanner. The housing 21' has an upper valve chamber 22 communicating withan intake manifold 23 and a lower valve chamber 24 communicating with anexhaust manifold 25.

,An intake valve 26 is seated within an opening between the upper valvechamber 22 and a combustion chamber 27. The combustionchamber 27communicates with the interior of the cylinder 3 (see Fig. 7). Avertically disposed stem 29 connects with the valve 26 and carries adisk 31 at its upper end. A compression spring 30 arranged between thedisk31 and the housing 21 tends which is secured 1 to maintain the valve26 in its closed condition. Likewise, a spring 33 arranged between adisk 34carr1ed upon' the lower end of a stem 32 which connects with theexhaust valve 28 tends to normally maintain the latter. in its closedcondition.

rocker arm 35 is pivoted at 36 to a support 37 which is secured bythehousing 21 (see Fig. 3). The rocker arm 35 carries a roller 35' at oneend and this roller is arranged to constantly bear against the end ofthe stem 29. The rocker arm 35 is connected at its other end to a rod38. The latter is slidably disposed in a sleeve 39 which is formedintegrally with the housing 21. The end of the rod 28 projects below thesleeve 39 and presses against a cam member 40 on the cam shaft 18. Asecond rocker arm 41 which is pivoted at 42 to the bracket box 20carries a roller 41? at an end and this roller is arranged to constantlbear agamst the end of the stem 32. A re ler 43 is earned at the otherend of the rocker arm 41 and is in contact with a cam member 44 which ison the cam shaft 18.

A carbureter 45, which is controlled and operated in any approvedmanner, communicates with the intake manifold 23, as clearly shown inFig. 1 of the accompanying drawings. A spark plug 46 is arranged withineach of the housings 21 and pro'ects within the combustion chamber 27.ach spark plug 46 is connected to a magneto 47 which is operated by astub shaft 48. The latter is driven by the cam shaft 18 by means of asprocket 51 keyed to the cam shaft, a sprocket 49 keyed to the stubshaft 48 and the chain 50.

It will be understood that the construc tion of the parts within thehousings 21 which are located at each end of each of the cylinders 3 and4 is identical. The cam members 40 and 44 are arranged upon the camshaft 18 so that alternate inlet valves 26 and exhaust valves 28 will beactuated simultaneously.

In order to properly cool the pistons and the parts associatedtherewith, I provide a pump 52 which is of the rotary type and isoperated by the stub shaft 48. n inlet pipe 53 connectsthe pump with asource of water supply (not shown). A supply pipe 54 extends downwardlyand then rearwardly from the pump, as shown in Fig. 1. This pipe 54,upon reaching the rear end of the device, extends upwardly and thenforwardly, as shown in Fig. 5. The pipe 54 has a flanged terminus 55.The end of the piston rod 8 is slidably disposed within the pipe 54, asbest seen in Fig. 5. The piston rod 8 is formed with a central bore 68extending the entire length thereof. I provide packing glands 56 at theends of the cylinders 3 and 4. A length of pipe '57 connects the packingglands 56 locatedat adjacent ends of the cylinders 3 and 4. It will beunderstood that the piston rod 8 extends through the packingglands 56and the intermediate pipe or casing 57. Each of the cylinders 3 and 4 isfashioned with cylinder heads 58 and 59. The construction of the packingglands 56 is best seen in Fig. 6 of the accompanying drawings.

It will be noted that the packing gland casing consists of two similarsemi-cylindrical members 62 having lateral lugs 62' secured together bybolts 73.' Outer packing rings 63 are disposed in coiiperating internalsemi-annular recesses 63' which are formed in the walls of thesemi-cylindrical members 62. A plurality of relatively thin inner rings63 have their walls disposed between the outer packing ring 63 and thepiston rod 8. The outer piston rings 63 are preferably formed of castiron or the like, while the inner piston rings 63" are preferably formedof brass or a like composition. An internal semi-annular recess 65 ineach semi-cylindrical member 62 near an end cooperates with thesemi-annular recess 65 in the other semi-cylindrical member to providean annular recess adapted to receive an outwardly extending annular .rib60 formed integrally with each cylinder head and surrounding an opening61 provided inthe latter. The packing gland 56 will therefore be held inposition when the semi-cylindrical members 62 are bolted together 1n themanner described. It will be understood that the piston rod 8reoiprocates in the opening 61. I

A flanged sleeve 64 has a tapered end inserted within the packing gland56. Packing 66 is disposed about the tapered inserted end of the sleeve64. Bolts 67 connect the flanged end 55 of the pipe 54 to the flangedsleeve 64 and to the semi-cylindrical members 62 and 62'.

It will be noted that the flanged sleeve 64 can be moved toward thecylinder head by screwing the bolts 67 and that the packing 66 willthereby be compressed.

The cooling fluid from the pipe 54 will pass through the central bore 68of the piston rod 8 into each piston 9. The latter is formed with anannular passage 69. Channels and 71 connect each end of the annularpassage 69 with the central bore 68 of the piston rod 8. The centralbore 68 is closed between the communicating channels 70 and 71 by aclosure 72 which is integral with the walls of the iston rod 8.Consequently, the cooling uid is compelled to pass throu h each of thepistons 9 around the closure 2.

The end of the piston rod 8 is screwed into the elbow member 74 which isintegral with the cross member 10. A pipe 75 communicates with the elbowmember 74 and extends laterally -and then rearwardly. The pipe 75 isslidably disposed within a sleeve or casing 76, a pacln'ng gland 77being provided at the end of the sleeve 76. The sleeve 76 is stationaryand the end of the pipe 75 will be reciprocated therein by the movementof the cross head 10 with which the elbow member 74 is connected. A pipe79 connects with the other end of the sleeve 76 and extends rearwardly.A branch ipe 80 communicates with the pipe 79 an an annular passage 81which is formed in the wall of the cylinder 4. Likewise, a pipe 82,connecting with the end of the pipe 79, communicates with the annularpassage 81 in the Wall of the cylinder 3. The annular passages 81communicate with channels 87 in the cylinder heads 58 and 59 and withchannels 88, 89, 90 am. 91 in the housing 21.

After circulating through the side walls of the cylinders 3 and 4, theheads of the cylinders 3 and 4,'and the housings 21, the ooling fluldpasses through a pipe .92 from the cylinder 3 and a pipe 84 from thecylinder 4 to the pipes 83 and 83' reipectlvely, which connect with thepipe 85. he latter extends to the source of water supply (not shown) andthe fluid passing therethrough is again drawn through the intake pipe 53into the pump 52 for further circulatlon about the cylinders 3 and 4.

From the foregoing description of the various parts of the device, theoperation thereof may be readily understood. Fuel 54 and 80,respectively,

from the carbureter 45 passes through the intake manifold 23 into thecombustion chamber 27. The gases created by the explosion in thecombustion chamber expand and reciprocate the pistons 9 in the cylinders3 and 4. It Will of course be under-- stood that valves located atcorresponding ends of the cylinders 3 and 4 will be operatedsimultaneously and that the pistons will consequently be reciprocatedatthe same time in the same direction.

The effective means for cooling the pistons and associated parts in adevice embodying my invention, renders the device effective inperforming the functions for which an engine of the type described isemployed.

Air chambers 86 are carried by the pipes as shown in the drawing, andserve to reduce the noise occasioned by the rush of the cooling fluidthrough the fluid conducting passages.

The packing gland construction shown in.

the accompanying drawings and described in the foreging specificationhas been made the subject of a concurrent application, Serial No.382,139 filed May 17, 1920, and it is not my intention to claim thepacking gland feature per 86 in the present application.

I claim:'

1. In an internal combustion engine, a pair of horizontally disposedco-axially alined water jacketed cylinders, a hollow piston rodextending through said cylinders and having its ends projecting beyondthe opposite endsthereof, a piston for each cylinder said pistonsconsisting of sleeve members rlgidly mounted on the piston rod andarranged for reciprocation within the cylinders, sald pistons each beingformed with an annular closed cavity intermediate its inner,

outer and end walls, said piston rod also being formed to provide withineach cylinder, spaced apart obliquely extending annular passages through1ts walls communicating with each of said first named annular cavitiesadjacent the ends thereof and with a plug arranged within its centralbore to close the latter intermediate said last named annular passages,a tubular liquid conducting mem er connecting with said piston rod atthe outlet end thereof to move therewith,

'a cooperating tubular liquid conducting member connecting saidcylinders and communicating with said water jackets, said last namedtubular member being provided with an open extension adapted to receivethe first named tubular member, packing means for preventing loss oftheliquid passing from said first named tubular member to the secondtubular member while permitting free recipocating movement of the formerwithin the extension to the latter, a pump adapted for connection with asource of supply of a cooling fluid, a conduit connecting with said pumpand formed adjacent its end to receive the reciprocating open inlet endof said piston rod, acking', means carried by said conduit at its endfor prev venting loss of the cooling fluid passing into said piston rodfrom said conduit, and a ,conduit communicating with the water jacketsof said cylinders and ada ted for connection with the source of supp yof the coolin fluid.

2. 11 an internal combustion engine, a pair of horizontally disposedco-axially alined water jacketed cylinders, a hollow piston rodextending through said cylinders sages communicating with the cavity ineach of said pistons and with the piston rod at opposite sides of eachof said closures, a hollow cross-head carried by said piston rod at itsoutlet end, a crank shaft operatively connected with said cross-head,apump operatively connected with said crank shaft and adapted forconnectlon with a sourceof cooling fluid supply, a conduit connectingwith said pump and formed adjacent its end to receive the inlet endportionof said piston rod, packing means engaging with the rela tivelymoving portions of said piston rod and said conduit for preventing lossof the cooling fluid passing therethrough, a second conduit-connectingsaid hollow cross-head with the water jackets of said cylinders, saidlast named conduit comprising telescopingly arranged sections havingpacking means engaging the relatively moving sections thereof to preventloss of the cooling fluid passing therethrough while permitting freefunctional movement of the piston rod and the section of the last namedconduit joined thereto, and a conduit communicating with said waterjackets and adapted for connection with the source of cooling fluidsupply.

LANSQN B. J OYNER.

